Astronomy and especially the field of optics. New ideologies came to light (haha) about space(space being the earth really), light, and time and continued to compete as science evolved. Optically, new principals and laws were created as scientists such as Issac Newton and Williebrord Snellius began studying refractions and light.
The key ideas were about power and how leaders
specifically princes could seek to gain power and also how they could go about
maintaining power. These ideas helped to influence European rulers
and individuals around the world by promoting this particular type of
leadership and power seeking. Hope this helps, good luck.