Answer:
B. Opportunity Cost
Explanation:
Comparative Advantage is when an economy can produce certain goods & services at a lower opportunity cost than other trading economies.
Opportunity cost is the cost of next best option forgone while choosing a particular option.
Comparative advantage (production ability at lower opportunity cost) implies: Economy can produce a good/ service by sacrifising lesser amount of other good, than the other economy.
Example : Production Possibilities of 2 countries, 2 goods :-
Good X Good Y Opportunity Cost (Goods Ratio)
Country A 10 30 1:3 (10/30)
Country B 5 10 1:2 (5/10)
Country A can produce Good Y by sacrifising 3 units of Good X, Country B can produce Good Y by sacrifising 2 units of Good X. So, B can produce good Y at lesser opportunity cost than A. Hence, country B has comparative advantage in good Y.
