The best description of the Turkish government to the American is Genocide. The term Genocide is intentional action to destroy a people (usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group) in whole or in part. This shift toward Turkish nationalism left the Armenian political leadership in an impossible position.
The first amendment allows freedom of speech
Because there needed to be legislation to rule the new country with. The Constitution was not yet written, and this was what was there instead. After the Articles of Confederation failed, the Constitution was instituted and enforced.
In the late 1400s and 1500s, the main reason for exploration in the New World was the need for alternate trade routes. They have no idea the Americas even existed, however.