I would go with the last option.
Fostering a democratic and free society.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Civic Virtue is a standard or morality behavior that related to the citizen's collaboration in society. George Washington had become a well-known person in U.S. history. Since he was the 1st president of America and one of the members in founding fathers of the U.S.
He might have struggled in running the nation as the president because the following presidents will consider him as a role model. But his character of civic virtue formed a strong constitutional nation. His civic nature resulted in building a democratic and free society.
The Definition of pre colonial African societies
In Africa there is referred to as acephalous (or state-less) societies. meaning they are not under any political authorty.
I hope this helps :)
