You look at the organisms and compare them to the climates of where those organisms live today. Most often, this is done by analysis of pollen.
The correct answer is C. Composite cones. Hope this helps (:
I think that the answer is, "It is the guardian of two of Islam's most sacred sites". This is because Medina and Mecca are located there, and they've very important sites in the Islamic religion.
Thunderstorms and high clouds
There are no true statements on that list at all.