In the United States, the three main factors that make up the system of checks and balances would be the Executive Branch, the Legislative Branch, and the Judicial Branch, since the goal is to separate these powers so that no single power becomes too powerful.
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Northerns who descended upon the South to take control of the government were called...
C. Carpetbaggers
Carpetbaggers were northerners who could fit everything they owned into a carpet bag and move to the South in order to take advantage of the many opportunities that would open up.
It codified several branches of law, including commercial and criminal law, and divided civil law into categories of property and family. The Napoleonic Code made the authority of men over their families stronger, deprived women of any individual rights, and reduced the rights of illegitimate children.