To locate <u>positions</u> in east and west directions, <u>cartographers</u> use lines of <u>longitude</u>, also known as <u>meridians</u>. Longitude is the distance in degrees <u>east</u> or <u>west</u> of the prime meridian, which is the reference point for longitude.
<h3>What is a topographic map?</h3>
A topographic map can be defined as a type of map which contains an accurate and detailed graphical (two-dimensional) description, representation or records of both natural and man-made (artificial) features on the surface of planet Earth.
Generally, a topographic map make use of contour lines to represent points of equal elevation above sea level such as:
- Mountains
- Hills
- Plains
- Valley
<h3>What is a line of longitude?</h3>
A line of longitude can be defined as an imaginary great circle of constant longitude on the surface of planet Earth which passes through the North pole (terrestrial pole) and South poles (Meridian) at right angles to the equator.
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Answer:
The liver cell with ∆G'° = -2.34 kJ/mol
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question is given below:
The following data represents cellular concentrations of ATP, ADP, and inorganic phosphate from various mammalian organs. Calculate the actual Gibbs free energy change for hydrolysis of ATP under physiological conditions (assume 37°C). Assume ATP hydrolysis has a standard free energy change of -30.5 kJ/mol. Which cell type yields the greatest free energy change for ATP hydrolysis? Show your work. ATP (MM) ADP (mm) Pi. (mm) Liver 3.5 1.8 5.0 Muscle 8.0 0.9 8.0 Brain 2.6 0.7 2.7 mM=millimolar, ATP=adenosine triphosphate, ADP-adenosine diphosphate, Pi=inorganic phosphate
Explanation:
The equation for ATP hydrolysis is as follows: ATP ---> ADP + Pi
Standard free energy change, ∆G'° = -RTlnK'eq;
where K'eq is equilibrium constant; R = 8.315 J/mol.K; T = 298 K
K'eq = {[ADP][Pi]}/[ATP]
For Liver:
∆G'° = -(8.315)(298) × ln (1.8 × 5.0/3.5)
∆G'° = -2.34 kJ/mol
For Muscle
∆G'° = -(8.315)(298) × ln (0.9 × 8.0/8.0)
∆G'° = 0.261 kJ/mol
For Brain
∆G'° = -(8.315)(298) × ln (0.7 × 2.7/2.6)
∆G'° = 0.79 kJ/mol
Your answer is gravitational forces
Different life forms adapt to their environment. Stable ecosystem creates a stable environment for life forms. In stable environment, life forms do not have to adapt all the time and their energy can be invested into other life processes, such as growth, reproduction, etc. Stability of ecosystem is important for adjoining ecosystems because that way boundaries and influences could be extended. Stable ecosystems are able to interact and both benefit from each other.