Most of the new immigrants lived in the cities and had to compete for low-paying jobs, so it's D.) worked at challenging jobs in the cities
The border states during the Civil War were the slave states that didn't leave the Union. These states included Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri. Kentucky - President Abraham Lincoln considered Kentucky's loyalty to the Union as an important factor in the Union winning the Civil War.
Answer:
Rapid growth of the workforce ==> Creation of government programs to reduce unemployment
Explanation:
During the 19th century, economic growth was very low.
To increase the economic growth of the country the government made many new programs such as building roads and railways etc to support the mode of transport and to reduce unemployment.
The government also promoted many business for increasing the economy, this indirectly increased the workforce to run the company.
The rise of the national labor unions program united the labors of the company.