Answer:
Antibodies
Explanation:
Specific immune responses are triggered by 'antigens'. Antigens are found on the surface of a pathogen and is used to identify a specific pathogen. Antigens trigger the immune system to release cells that attach themselves to Antigens in order to kill off pathogens. These cells attack Pathogens using <em>antibodies</em>
I think it’s A or c but I’m not so sure
Answer: Prokaryotes are primitive and are in a simpler form
Explanation:
Since Prokaryotes are primitive and have a simpler form, they have an advantage in quick reproduction and the ability to adapt to any new environment .
Hope it helps!
Answer:
By way of introduction, A260/A280 ratio is use to measure Protein Contamination. This procedure was first described to measure protein purity in the presence of nucleic acids. However it is now commonly used to assess protein contamination of DNA. The method to determine the concentration of protein contamination by using A260/280 ratio method is well explained below by filling in the missing words.
Explanation:
The A260/A280 ratio method estimates protein __purity___ by measuring the absorbance maximum at 280nm caused by the amino acids__cytosine___, ____Adenine____, and ___Guanine_________ Since ___Spectrophotometer____ also absorbs in the UV range, we can correct for this contaminate by measuring the absorbance maximum at ____260nm______ and using the following equation: Concentration (µg/ml) = (A260 reading – A320 reading) × dilution factor × 50µg/ml___ When extrapolated from a standard curve, the Bradford data indicates the amount (in _ug__ ) of __unknown ___ protein found in a sample. If you know the volume of sample that was added to the assay then you can calculate the protein ____concentration ___ of the sample. The coomassie blue dye in the Bradford assay specifically binds primary ¬¬___sulfonic___ and __positive amines__ groups of the amino acid side groups of the proteins. The more the dye binds to the sample, the _anionic_ the blue color will be, and the absorbance at 595¬nm will be_shifted Amax___. A sample with an unusually __protein___ number of ___280nm of Tyrosine __ [give a specific example] amino acids will underestimate the total amount of protein present in the sample.
<h2>The answer is:</h2>
Expansion and cracking
<h2>Explanation:</h2>
Whenever water freezes, it is expanded about 9 percent. Since the water in moist concrete freezes it producing pressure in the pores of the concrete. The collective effect of freeze-thaw cycles and disruption of aggregate can eventually cause expansion and cracking, scaling, and crumbling of the concrete that is formed from moist.
