Marbury v<span>. </span>Madison<span>, arguably the most </span>important case<span> in </span>Supreme Court<span> history, was the first U.S. </span>Supreme Court case<span> to apply the principle of "judicial review" -- the power of federal </span>courts<span> to void acts of Congress in conflict with the Constitution.</span>
Madison favor giving the larger states representation according to population because he did not want the small states to wield disproportionate power.