If you have rights; those rights have to be protected somehow, and this might take work. This work can be another person's duty (for example, a policeman should protect your safety). If we only had rights, there would be no way of enforcing them: in this way duties can be seen as a way of ensuring that our, and others', rights are respected. They go together, as two sides of a coin.
One fact that was used to support the stated opinions is that Native peoples in Alaska and Siberia, where growing crops is not an option, rely on the whale meat to feed themselves. The correct answer is A.
1 is false, waves can't propagate in a vacuum.