In general, a point mutation alters a single base in the DNA (gene) which can potentially alter the identity of a SINGLE amino acid in the protein sequence.
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When a point mutation occurs, the protein may differ from a normal protein by two characteristics:
Having structure and function changed
Running out of amino acids and consequently without function.
Explanation:
Point mutation is the change in a single nucleotide in the chain. Guanine can be paired with Timine, Adenine with Cytosine and vice versa. This type of mutation is usually due to errors in DNA replication. Its consequences can be silent (the generated mRNA, although it also contains the altered information, results in the formation of the same protein), non-silent or “missense” (the mutation in the DNA ended up leading to the alteration of the amino acid sequence that constitutes the protein , being able to change its structure and function) or meaningless, also called “nonsense” mutation (when changing base pairs generated information for “stop code”, used to signal the end of protein synthesis and, thus, the protein runs out of amino acids in its chain and thus no function).
The unique method of locomotion in octopus has been utilized by successive generations of octopus through the process of evolution. Evolution is defined as the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations. This type of behaviour is attain by octopus in order to save itself from its predators such as shark so we can say that this unique method of movement is used by octopus to save itself from the predators leads to evolution in the octopus.
