Answer:
Civilization is characterized by five traits: specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, advanced technology, and advanced cities.
The practice of "mudslinging" is the process of deliberately damaging the reputation of another candidate during an election. This is mostly done by spreading negative information about the candidate, whether honest or dishonest.
The practice is called "mudslinging" as a metaphor. The negative information is compared to mud that is being thrown towards the opponent.
Pump priming is the action take to simulate an economy
John Adams was the second president