An example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation is option B: replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid at the protein's surface.
A frequent and well-known example of a missense mutation is the blood condition sickle-cell anemia. Missense mutations exist in the DNA at a single location in sickle-cell anemia patients. A different amino acid is required in this missense mutation, which also alters the overall structure of the protein. Similarly, replacement of a polar amino acid by another polar Ami no acid at the protein's surface is a missense mutation causing change in a single site.
A neutral mutation is one whose fixation is unrelated to natural selection. Therefore, the independence of a mutation's fixation from natural selection can be used to define the selective neutrality of a mutation.
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Complete question is:
Which example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation?
a) Replacement of a polar amino acid with a nonpolar amino acid at the protein's outer surface
b) Replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid at the protein's surface
c) Replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid in the protein's interior
d) Replacement of a polar amino acid with a nonpolar amino acid in the protein's interior
Answer:
Change in an organism's environment forces the organism to adapt to fit the new environment, eventually causing it to evolve into a new species. ... Organisms become isolated as a result of environmental change. The cause of isolation can be gradual, like when mountains or deserts form, or continents split apart.
Explanation:
The presence of a fever is usually related to stimulation of the body's immune response. Fever can support the immune system's attempt to gain advantage over infectious agents, such as viruses and bacteria, and it makes the body less favorable as a host for replicating viruses and bacteria, which are temperature sensitive. Infectious agents are not the only causes of fever, however. Amphetamine abuse and alcohol withdrawal can both elicit high temperatures, for example. And environmental fevers--such as those associated with heat stroke and related illnesses--can also occur.
The hypothalamus, which sits at the base of the brain, acts as the body's thermostat. It is triggered by floating biochemical substances called pyrogens, which flow from sites where the immune system has identified potential trouble to the hypothalamus via the bloodstream. Some pyrogens are produced by body tissue; many pathogens also produce pyrogens. When the hypothalamus detects them, it tells the body to generate and retain more heat, thus producing a fever. Children typically get higher and quicker fevers, reflecting the effects of the pyrogens upon an inexperienced immune system.
The correct answers are:
- Decrease in rainfall in the Mojave desert;
The decrease in rainfall can be devastating to a lake's waters and biodiversity. The decrease in rain usually causes bigger loss of water through evaporation than water coming in the lake, so over time it will dry out, or just small pieces of it will remain.
- Decrease in runoff that flows into Mojave Lake;
If the amount of water that comes into the lake decreases, it can be fatal to it, and in a very short period of time, since the lake will be losing more water than it gets in.
- Increase in blocked streams that flow into Mojave Lake;
Naturally, streams can be blocked and redirected, so if this happens, we have the same situation from before, where the water income is smaller than the water loss of the lake.
