Answer:
a. Increase the direct costs of the state's debt.
Explanation:
When a bond's rating is downgraded is a signal to the investors that investing in the bond now is riskier than it was prior to the rating downgrade, hence, a perceived higher risk using the risk/return relationship means that the bond issue would have to offer a higher return to entice the investors to invest in the bonds.
As a result, the higher required rate of return translates into a higher direct cost of the state's debt since their interest rate offered has increased
Answer:
The correct answer is 25%
Explanation:
To calculate the value of the tax rate to decide on the municipal bond, we must take the information of the annual yield minus the expenses associated with this product, on the interest of the corporate bond:
Tax Rate = 1 - (0.0525 / 0.0700) = 25%
In this way, 25% or more, is a percentage of the tax rate that can make them decide on the municipal bond option.
Marginal productivity theory assumes that a worker’s income is a function of the contribution of that worker to the value of the output. in business, this is called the "value-added" approach.
There is a correct theory called marginal productivity theory. Wages are paid at a level equal to the marginal revenue product of labor, the MRP (value of the marginal product of labor). MRP is the increase in income caused by the increase in output produced by the last employed worker.
The marginal productivity theory of income distribution proposes that each individual should receive income based on their contribution to total output. The marginal productivity theory of income distribution has been criticized for the following reasons. Income from inheritance is inconsistent with the theory.
Learn more about Marginal revenue here: brainly.com/question/13617399
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Answer:
Firms may be inclined to keep their workers’ wages above the equilibrium level.
Explanation:
The efficiency wage theory states that if an employer increases the wage of his/her employees, they will be motivated and their productivity will increase. The increase in productivity should offset the increased labor costs. So the costs of higher wages should be recouped through increased productivity. Higher wages also reduce worker turnover, reducing hiring and training costs.
