i think they were united countries i could be wrong hope it help
"without warning"-- this repeated statement gives the speech impact.
FDR's fireside chat repeats the phrase "without warning" to remind the citizens that the Axis powers have been ruthless. He suggests the Axis powers have created a pattern of surprise attacks demonstrating their evil methods. This creates a clear line between the sides and puts the US on a side of morality.
She was the inventor of laser cataract surgery. Her invention was called Laserphaco Probe.[1] She also became the first woman member of the Jules Stein Eye Institute, first woman to lead a post-graduate training program in ophthalmology, and first woman elected to the honorary staff of the UCLA Medical Center. Bath was the first African-American person to serve as a resident in ophthalmology at New York University. She was also the first African-American woman to serve on staff as a surgeon at the UCLA Medical Center. Bath was the first African-American woman doctor to receive a patent for a medical purpose. A holder of five patents,[2] she also founded the non-profit American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness in Washington, D.C.[3]