Answer:
In the Fourth Party System, the "liberal" party in terms of wanting to use the power of the federal government was the Republican Party, while the "conservative" party was the Democratic Party.
During this political period, which lasted from the 1890s until the presidency of F.D. Roosevelt and his New Deal, the Republican Party dominated politics almost alone at the federal level, establishing through this domination a system of non-interference by the federal government in regulatory matters, thus favoring large companies that, except in matters of monopolies They did not have major regulations and could carry out their activities practically without controls.
Before the Atomic bombs were dropped the Americans were dropping explosive and incendiary fire bombs. They dropped them in such massive numbers that entire cities were destroyed resulting in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of innocent civilians. To the Japanese military it didn't make a difference to them at the moment if their cities were being destroyed by regular bombs or atomic bombs. The result was still the same, a completely destroyed city. It wasn't until they found out how effective the weapon was that they decided to surrender, even then many hard liners in the Japanese military wanted to continue the war.
Pope Pius IX is considered one of the conservative type. During the revolutions of 1848, He opposed unification , liberalism, socialism, and modern progress , which he presume as the works of the Evil and bring bad things to the world
Slaves, sugars, manufactured goods
It was Booker T. Washington, I believe.