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galben [10]
3 years ago
7

Rachel was very sick with a bacterial infection. The infection was treated with antibiotics. Rachel seemed to get well, but in a

few weeks, she was sick again. How can this be explained? the antibiotics did not kill the bacteria; it forced them to be dormant the stronger, more resistant bacteria survived the antibiotics and reproduced antibiotics only kill a portion of the bacteria, regardless how much medicine Rachel takes
Biology
1 answer:
34kurt3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Selective pressure: The bacteria become susceptible to the drug and can withstand it.

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This drug inhibits the growth of bacterial cells but not human cells. This is an example of the selective toxicity of antibiotics.

Folic acid is an essential component for all cells to synthesize nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Human cells do not synthesize folic acid and they take it through food. Bacterial cells are impermeable to folic acid and hence they need to synthesize their own folic acid.

Antibiotics target the metabolic pathway of folic acid synthesis in bacteria by inhibiting one of the enzymes in this pathway. These drugs are only toxic to bacteria but not to humans because humans do not have the folic acid synthesis pathway and hence they do not get affected by the action of the antibiotic. This is known as the selective toxicity of antibiotics.

These antibiotics are designed in a way to target the infecting agent (bacteria) while rendering minimal or no toxicity to the host (humans).

Know more about selective toxicity here :

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