After the death of Timur in 1405, power began to shift from migrating peoples to sedentary populations living in large centralized empires. After about 1683, when the last Ottoman campaign against Vienna failed, the great empires for which this period is so famous began to shrink and weaken
The U.S. Senate and the House of Representatives
In this passage Madison suggested that under a confederation that the states would not cooperate with each other voluntarily.
<h3>Madison's appeal</h3>
According to Madison it was going to be very difficult for the states to voluntarily obey the federal law.
He said that it was unable to secure a union due to the fact that the United States was founded on the principles of a confederate nation.
Read more on the confederate states here:
brainly.com/question/587546
During 1500 - 1800 Muslim controls of North Africa placed a type of obstacle to European exploration of interior of Africa from north. So the Dutch were the starters to en-route in direction to interior including South Africa as a part of developing routes to trade with Asia
Hope this helps!
~LYNA~
