The "Roaring 20s"/"Jazz Era was the period in the 1920s when the world was largely recovered from World War I and was freely spending.
The Roaring 20s are large associated with jazz, flapper culture, and changes in art. Famous figures include F. Scott Fitzgerald, Gertrude Stein, Pablo Picasso, and others. The US in this time period became the world's dominant financial force as a result of the Dawes Plan, which worked to create financial instruments to handle Germany's reparations from World War I.
It would be that "d. They refused to baptize native converts into the Christian faith", since the Spanish viewed this as a way of solidifying their efforts of religious conversion.
