Answer:
The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) was a military conflict that was primarily waged
between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater
of the wider Pacific Theater of the Second World War. The beginning of the war is
conventionally dated to the Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937, when a dispute
between Japanese and Chinese troops in Peking escalated into a full-scale invasion. This
full-scale war between the Chinese and the Empire of Japan is often regarded as the
beginning of World War II in Asia. In 2017 the Ministry of Education in the People's
Republic of China decreed that the term "eight-year war" in all textbooks should be
replaced by "fourteen-year war", with a revised starting date of 18 September 1931 provided
by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. According to historian Rana Mitter, historians in
China are unhappy with the blanket revision, and (despite sustained tensions) the Republic
of China did not consider itself to be continuously at war with Japan over these six
years.[28] The Tanggu Truce of 1933 officially ended the earlier hostilities in Manchuria
while the He-Umezu Agreement of 1935 acknowledged the Japanese demands to put an end to all
anti-Japanese organizations in China.
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