He California Floristic Province (CFP) is a floristic province with a Mediterranean climate located on the Pacific Coast of North America with a distinctive flora similar to other regions with a winter rainfall and summer drought climate like the Mediterranean Basin. This biodiversity hotspot is known for being the home of the Sierran giant sequoia tree and its close relative the coast redwood.[1] In 1996, the Province was designated as a biodiversity hotspot allowing it to join ranks among 33 other areas in the world with rich and threatened endemic species. To be named a biodiversity hotspot, an area has to contain species and plant life that cannot be found anywhere else in the world. The California Floristic Province is home to over 3,500 different species of plants, 61% of which are endemic to the province.
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Question: Two requirements for gas exchange which are accomplished by the gills in a fish include:
1. Water flowing in opposite directions across the gill lamellae for gas exchange, in other words, respiration is experienced by the fish.
2. The fish allows water through its mouth, then forces the water to drain through the gills supporting gill lamellae, and enhancing gas exchange.
Question: How does their structure help to satisfy these requirements?
1. The rows of gill filaments with numerous folds through diffusion makes sure oxygen from the water moves from a place of more concentration to the blood of the fish which has less concentration causing the removal of carbon dioxide.
2. The large surface area of the gill means it has to maximize the low percentage of dissolved oxygen in the water compared to the higher percentage of oxygen in the air makes it possible for water to pass through the mouth and empty through the gills after the mouth is closed.
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hope it helps
They are found In the Benthic stage
