stem are the plays a vital role on the plant. in a plant, stem have four main function which supports: the elevation of leaves, flowers and fruits. the stem keep the leaves in the light and provide a plane for the plant to keep its flowers and fruits. transports of fluids between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem.
The body protects its self by pathogens is antibody. They are kind like a Marker protein because they cling on to the pathogen and kind of saying like "hey kill this one it's over here". Once that happens a monasteries( I think that's what there called don't quote me though) ears the pathogen and everything dies once that happends
The answer is option A "be affected." Every species is prey and a predator. For example a fox eats rabbits and a mountain lion eat's the fox. So if a fox species dies rabbits population would increase (since how they have one less predator to eat them) and mountain lions population would decrease. (since how they lost a food source so they will starve)
Hope this helps!
There are two strands of the DNA so it is copied
Two chambers - fishes (atrium and ventricle)
three chambers - amphibians (two atria and ventricle)
also reptiles have three chambers with incomplete separation in ventricle
crocodiles, birds and mammals have four chambers - two atria and two ventricles (complete separation)
other differences: arthropods and many other groups of invertebrates have an open circulatory system which means that vessels are open and blood/other fluid circulates partially in body cavity