That would be Michelangelo (full name <span><em>Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni</em>). He painted the Sistine Chapel for roughly four years (1508 - 1512) when he was invited back to Rome by Pope Julius II to build the Pope's Tomb. The St. Peter's Basilica was something he succeeded from <em>Antonio da Sangallo the Younger</em> as an architect. He changed the design so that the western end finished with his design, as with the dome.</span>
