1)
a)The author calls him "small" and "weak" a number of times giving the description of him being helpless.
b) The men laugh at the cub, taunting, scaring, and even hitting him.
c) The cub tries to fight back, but even after biting the man, the man still laughs at him.
2) In order from top to bottom, it goes;
5
4
2
1
3
B: His arms are as strong as granite
The first situation in which he used it to get himself out of a jam was when he was escaping from the cave in which he met smeagol, who we know is intensely aggressive when it comes to the ring. He slipped the ring on and it made him seemingly disappear. Another, much more trivial situation was when he bid everyone farewell at his birthday party basically as a show stopper (but also to avoid the judging eyes and boring personalities of his fellow hobbits).
The ring does not make Bilbo tougher, if anything, it makes him weaker. The power of the ring breaks him down mentally and physically.
It is science fiction because it depicts an example of a phenomenon that is not fully accepted by mainstream science. In this case, the phenomenon is E.T., because it is an extraterrestrial life form, and extraterrestrial life forms are not proven to exist, they are only speculation.
Personally, I think it is somewhat too late and also a good time to change what is going on in our environment because, we can’t go back in time and change anything so we have already lost a ton of animals and everything but besides that, if we all stopped RIGHT NOW and literally didn’t use our cars, stopped manufacturing stuff in big factories, and just dropped what we were doing there would be a MASSIVE change, so yeah.