The Industrial Revolution was considered by historians as a period of great technological advance, which occurred in the second half of the 18th century and which allowed the development of modern industry. This development brought about severe transformations in the production process (the machinofacture replaced the manufacture) and in the labor relations, altered with the proletarianization of the worker.
The Industrial Revolution process was a pioneer in England. From its first phase, we highlight the use of the steam engine, initially built by Thomas Newcomen in 1698 and perfected by James Watt in 1765. Watt managed to reduce the energy waste of the machine, and this improved the performance of the machine. machinery.
In addition, during this period, there was the development of machines for the textile industries. The big highlight was the water frame, created by Richard Arkwright, a machine that wove cotton threads using the driving force of water. This Arkwright creation allowed fabrics to be produced at a much higher speed compared to manufacturing.
Finally, the development of the steam engine enabled the growth of railroads, which were built at enormous speed by England, from the 1830s and 1840s. In addition to shortening distances, railways also allowed goods to be transported more quantity and greater speed.
The Industrial Revolution also generated profound transformations in the production of goods with the substitution of the manufacturing mode of production by that of machining. Before industrialization, clothing production, for example, was carried out in artisans' workshops known as manufactures. These workshops brought together specialized workers who knew the entire production process and who performed it manually.
