Transverse is to stretch across something
The dictionary definition is
situated or extending across something."a transverse beam supports the dashboard"<span>synonyms:<span>crosswise, crossways, cross, horizontal, diagonal, oblique, slanted</span></span>
B, contributes to the lines dramatic effect.
Refute means to :
prove (a statement or theory) to be wrong or false; disprove.
prove that (someone) is wrong.
deny or contradict (a statement or accusation).
So, I'll go for...
O An opposing alternative way to view or interpret the topic
Or it could be
O An explanation that disproves something
Hope this helps!
The correct answer is 3. n. A written record