Advantage - having natural automatic antibodies and defences to defend the body from any unknown organisms invading or intruding.
disadvantage -<span>The bodies of mammals are always maintaining the temperature through processes which is why constant food consumption is necessary.</span>
Answer:
Answer is option C.
"This drug sometimes provides a complete cure of inflammatory bowel disease.''
Explanation:
- Crohn’s disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is caused by autoimmune or genetic factors. It affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract (from the mouth to the anus) and causes abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, weight loss, etc.
- There is no known cure for Crohn's disease, but therapies can bring about long-term remission by greatly reducing the symptoms. For patients who have not had success with other medical therapies, Infliximab (Remicade) is used.
- Infliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to and neutralizes a key biologic response mediator called tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on the cell membrane and blocks its activity by destroying TNF-α producing cell, thus decreasing inflammation.
- For Crohn’s Disease, the FDA approved dose for adults is 5 mg/kg IV at 0, 2 and 6 weeks, then every 8 weeks.
- The common adverse reactions include urinary tract infections, upper respiratory infections and infusion-related reactions such as headache, fevers, chills, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, hives, rash, shortness of breath, hypotension or hypertension, anaphylaxis, pruritus, convulsions, etc.
- Patients treated with infliximab are at increased risk for developing serious infections such as tuberculosis, fungal infections (histoplasmosis, candidiasis, blastomycosis, pneumocystosis, etc), bacterial, viral and other infections due to pathogens like Legionella and Listeria.
<span>We are taught that modern scientists are driven only by reason and facts. It was only early scientists like Galileo who needed to fear the reaction to their radical views. Neither of these beliefs is true. The reaction to Alfred Wegener's Continental Drift Theory demonstrates that new ideas threaten the establishment, regardless of the century.</span>
