Because the Moon<span> rotates </span>on<span> its axis at the same rate that the </span>Moon<span> orbits the </span>Earth<span>, </span>a<span> situation known as synchronous rotation or tidal locking. The </span>Moon is <span>directly illuminated by the Sun, and the cyclically varying viewing conditions cause the lunar phases.
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Mountains because the tectonic plates are colliding and pushed up against each other.
