Answers to #1:
Raphael Lemkin's definition of genocide was not accepted until after the Holocaust.
Raphael Lemkin had been studying the problem of mass killings of a people group since the 1920s, in regard to Turkish slaughter of Armenians in 1915. He coined the term "genocide" in 1944, in reference then also to the Holocaust. The term uses Greek language roots and means "killing of a race" of people. Lemkin served as an advisor to Justice Robert Jackson, the lead prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials. "Crimes against humanity" was the charge used at the Nuremberg trials, since no international legal definition of "genocide" had yet been accepted. Ultimately, Lemkin was able to persuade the United Nations to accept the definition of genocide and codify it into international law. In December, 1948, the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, which made use of a number of Lemkin's ideas on the subject.
#2: For item #2, you didn't ask a question, so I won't attempt to guess at what question you might have in mind. The definition as you quote it comes from Article II of the UN's Genocide Convention. Article III also indicts intention and conspiracy to commit genocide as crimes against international law. Article IV of that same Convention then puts teeth into the UN's action, saying, "Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals."
There have been successful acts of resistance and consolidations of liberty in America since its foundation as the thirteen English colonies.
The first act of resistance that consolidated liberty was the American Revolution. It wrestled liberty from the English Monarchy and gave the Americans a voice in how government ruled. The days of <em>taxation without representation</em> came to a near end.
The Shays' Rebellion (1786 to 1787) was another landmark resistance to an oppressive government. It involved armed uprisings in Massachusetts and Worcester because of the debt crisis and continued imposition of <em>taxation without representation</em> by the Continental Government of the state. The Shays' Rebellion prompted the drafting of the Constitution of the Federal Republic with the accompanying Bill of Rights. To date, the Bill of Rights has become the centerpiece of all resistance to the usurpation of liberty.
Lastly, the Civil Rights Movement (1954 - 1968) nailed the coffin of <em>white supremacy, black slavery, and segregation</em>. The Supreme Court backed the movement with its landmark ruling, in <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em>, that overturned <em>"the separate but equal facilities"</em> doctrine (Jim Crow obnoxious laws) that enveloped the liberty of America's people of color for many centuries.
Thus, the remaining constraints to acts of resistance include the eradication of American Nazism and the full acceptance of the principles of the Constitution, which recognized that all peoples are created equal before God.
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Answer:
Hieroglyphs because words and sentences can be formed with hieroglyphs (the different characters can represent different words and/or letters) which is very close to writing.
Answer:
The Incas relied on trade with the Andean cultures for no-agricultural goods.
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The Incas conducted little trade as the emperor owned all property
Explanation:
I'm not sure what your doing (I have little information on what this is) so i hope one of these work!!
