My guess is b. Muhammad tughluq...... Sorry if it's wrong but I really think it is b.
Yes and that the sun revolved around it
The welfare state of the United Kingdom comprises expenditures by the government of the United Kingdom intended to improve health, education, employment and social security. The British system has been classified as a liberal welfare state system.
Nationalism. As Manifest Destiny was geared towards more of the individual people's growth (i.e go-getters) compared to Nationalism; the growth and advancement of the nation's people's as a whole.