A chemical substance that an organism requires to live. a nutrient that is scarce or cycles slowly through an ecosystem. ensures that nutrients will be circulated throughout the biosphere.
Pretty sure it's B. Conjugation because that is a form of sexual reproduction in the reproduction of prokaryotes.
The oceanic crust gets carried underneath another tectonic plate and it sinks hundreds of miles into the Earth's Mantle.
This can be caused by over grazing from the livestock or even wild animals such as rabbits. Rabbits are known to breed very quickly and can destroy an ecosystem with their sheer numbers.
