Due process under the Fourteenth Amendment can be broken down into two categories: procedural due process and substantive due process. Procedural due process, based on principles of “fundamental fairness,” addresses which legal procedures are required to be followed in state proceedings.
Oracle bones were used during the Shang dynasty to predict the future. The bones were used to process fortune-telling. They were used by Shamans, religious consultants that collaborated with gods and mythical people. The Shamans used the bone's cracks to demonstrate patterns or blemishes to anticipate the future.
Italian city states were a political phenomenon of small independent states, around the northern part of the Italian peninsula around the 9th and the 15th century. They were governed independently
During this time, it was China that mostly remained a land-based empire. This is due partly to the fact that China occupied a large area of land, and didn't need more resources.
