The correct answer: Data independence
Data independence<span> is the type of </span>data<span> transparency that matters for a centralised DBMS. It refers to the immunity of user applications to changes made in the definition and organization of </span>data<span>. Physical </span>data independence<span> deals with hiding the details of the storage structure from user applications.
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The logical<span> structure of the data is known as the 'schema definition'. In general, if a user application operates on a subset of the </span>attributes<span> of a </span>relation<span>, it should not be affected later when new attributes are added to the same relation. Logical data independence indicates that the conceptual schema can be changed without affecting the existing schemas.
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<span>The physical structure of the data is referred to as "physical data description". Physical data independence deals with hiding the details of the storage structure from user applications. The application should not be involved with these issues since, conceptually, there is no difference in the operations carried out against the data.</span>
Answer:
A _comparison_ operator, such as the greater than or less than symbol, can be used in a query criterion to limits the results produced by the query
Answer:
The answer is The Cache Sets (S) = 32, Tag bits (t)=24, Set index bits(s) = 5 and Block offset bits (b) = 3
Explanation:
Solution
Given Data:
Physical address = 32 bit (memory address)
Cache size = 1024 bytes
Block size = 8 bytes
Now
It is a 4 way set associative mapping, so the set size becomes 4 blocks.
Thus
Number of blocks = cache size/block size
=1024/8
=128
The number of blocks = 128
=2^7
The number of sets = No of blocks/set size
=128/4
= 32
Hence the number of sets = 32
←Block ←number→
Tag → Set number→Block offset
←32 bit→
Now, =
The block offset = Log₂ (block size)
=Log₂⁸ = Log₂^2^3 =3
Then
Set number pc nothing but set index number
Set number = Log₂ (sets) = log₂³² =5
The remaining bits are tag bits.
Thus
Tag bits = Memory -Address Bits- (Block offset bits + set number bits)
= 32 - (3+5)
=32-8
=24
So,
Tag bits = 24
Therefore
The Cache Sets = 32
Tag bits =24
Set index bits = 5
Block offset bits = 3
Note: ←32 bits→
Tag 24 → Set index 5→Block offset 3
Answer:
Computer science is the study of problems, problem-solving, and the solutions that come out of the problem-solving process. Given a problem, a computer scientist's goal is to develop an algorithm, a step-by-step list of instructions for solving any instance of the problem that might arise. ... Algorithms are solutions.
Explanation:
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