A."Israel 1948–1967"
is the answer I think But i am not sure
Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in Italy and spread across Europe while reformation was the Northern European Christian movement. Renaissance paved the way for the advancement in art and architecture, whereas Reformation paved the way for religious fragmentation.
1-the pressure of middle-age church
2-The kings of several German states were sick of paying taxes to Catholic Church so they supported Luther in order to get rid of them
(There are more reasons for sure
Most civilizations have practiced some form of slavery in their development. Famine or fear of stronger enemies might force one tribe to ask another to help and give themselves in a type of bondage in exchange that was similar to the European serf system.
Arabs also had slave trading, they exchanged slaves for goods from other parts of the world.
Until that moment, slavery was not linked to color, it was mostly linked to war and economic opportunities.
Slavery became a matter of color when Portugal started to explore the West Coast of Africa in 1444. Because African slaves were identified by their skin color since then, slavery became a matter of color and not economic opportunities or war. Europeans settled in Brazil, Caribbean, and North America and developed a system of racially based slavery.
