The type of claim this author is making is: Claim of policy. Why? Because what this type of claim asserts is that something should or should not be done. A key here is the verb<em> "should"</em>. In this case, the claim from this historical essay would be <em>"Washington, D.C., should not become the 51st state".</em>
The type of evidence the author should use to best support the claim would be a judgement evidence since there is nothing in history which prove this assumption to be true. However, he is making an assumption using his judgements that he will need to explain and argue afterwards.
Example: The investment for the capital would be distributed among the other cities and towns of this supposed 51st state.
Answer:
The main problem with relying on nature to start a flame was that Fire was likely hard to find, requiring a "long journey and a deal of trouble."
Explanation:
If nature started a fire, the people would have to carry that fire to the place where they lived at that time and guard it as much as they could. These journeys were sometimes long and dangerous and it was not a reliable way of procuring fire.
