The US dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in order to end the war more quickly and without so much bloodshed. The fighting, as the US got closer to Japan was so bloody that it made American planners believe that something like one million American troops would be killed or wounded in an invasion of Japan.
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The Pilgrims who arrived in Plymouth were a mix of people. They were led by separatists who despised the Christmas traditions of the Anglican Church as well as the Roman Catholic Church. They wanted to establish their own protestant churches, free of Christmas.
Most protections of the Bill of Rights applied to state governments.
The best way to integrate African-American soldiers with whites would be to integrate all the units at once to push the different races to socialize. (I recommend rewording and trying to lengthen but this is the best I got based on my research!)
It was important for the Roman army to be able to move soldiers and all their baggage around the country. They built roads as straight as possible, in order to travel as quickly as they could. Winding roads took longer to get to the place you wanted to go and bandits and robbers could be hiding around bends.