<span>When writing an essay like this, it is important to make connections between the historical issues at hand and the current events that are shaped by these issues, such as the history of the USSR.</span>
Alexander Hamilton was the leader of the Anti-Federalists because he believed in a limited federal government - incorrect. Hamilton was one of the Federalists, defended the Constitution and a strong federal government as well.
The Great Compromise combined the New Jersey plan and the Virginia plan in order to establish state representation. - Correct. The Great Compromise combined ideas from the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plans and created a bicameral legislature with the creation of the Senate that represented states.
The 3/5th's compromise was created to resolve the issue over taxation. - Correct. The three-fifths- Compromise was created to solve the problem with slaves populations if they would count for legislative representation and tax purposes or not. The solution then was to count three out of every five slaves as a person for legislation and taxes purpose.
The Federalists papers were written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison to persuade states to ratify the Constitution. - Correct. The Federalist papers were a series of 85 essays that urged Anti-Federalists to ratify the constitution.
James Madison is referred to as the "Father of the Constitution" because of his contributions. - Correct. James Madison is called that because his drafts and his promotion of the Constitution, also he was the one who drafted the Bill Of Rights.
Anti-Federalists would only ratify the Constitution after a Bill of Rights was added to protect civil liberties. - Correct. The main problem that the Anti-Federalists had with the Constitution was the creation of a strong federal government that could seize civil rights, because of that they would only ratify the Constitution if it held a Bill of Rights to protect citizens.
Checks and Balances were added to the Constitution to make sure the government does not go into debt. - Incorrect. The Checks and Balances system was added to the Constitution to limit the government power by giving power and mechanisms to stop the government to the other powers - legislative branch and judiciary branch.
St. Patrick day is considered luckiest day for marriage, This is one of the weird marriage luck beliefs of Irish people. However, if the St. Patrick day falls in Saturday then it is not considered lucky to marry which is also one of the wedding superstition in Ireland that, Saturday is no luck day for marriage.
Tycho Brahe
1609
Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630), a student of Tycho Brahe, publishes Astronomia Nova (New Astronomy), which contain his first two laws of planetary motion. Kepler's first law assumes that Mars has an elliptical orbit, which was a revolutionary idea at the time. Until then, the classical belief held that a circle was perfect, and therefore all orbits must be circular.
1609
Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642) observes Mars with a primitive telescope, becoming the first person to use it for astronomical purposes.
1659
The Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens (1629 - 1695) draws Mars using an advanced telescope of his own design. He records a large, dark spot on Mars, probably Syrtis Major. He notices that the spot returns to the same position at the same time the next day, and calculates that Mars has a 24 hour period.
1666
Giovanni Cassini (1625 - 1712) observes Mars and determines that the rotational period, or length of one Mars day is 24h, 40m.
1672
Huygens is the first to notice a white spot at the south pole, probably the southern polar cap.
1698
Huygens publishes Cosmotheros, which discusses what is required of a planet to support life, and speculates about intelligent extraterrestrials. This is one of the first published expositions of extraterrestrial life.
Historical Perspective...
The Trial of Galileo
The 1600s were not an easy time in which to study science. The church was a powerful institution and had its own ideas about the nature of the universe. Galileo was a beliver in the Copernican theory that the solar system revolves around the sun. He was advised by Cardinal Bellarmino to be cautious and not to imply the the Copernican theory were real. He published a book, Siderius Nuncius (Starry Messenger) which was considered controversial and in opposition with the ideas of the Roman Catholic Church, and was arrested and tried in the Inquisition. Galileo was found guilty of heresy and was sentenced to life imprisonment and forced to recant. In secret, he wrote another book, which was smuggled out of the country and published in France. His work is now considered the foundation of modern physics.
There was an enlightenment. People became a lot more interested in art, education, science and cleanliness. <span />
