Some of the characteristics of renaissance peope would inclue a love for learning and the fine arts. Italy's cities most likely became the birthplace of the renaissance becuase it had many busltling cities that had a lot of trade, so ideas were spread that way. The last question would be that some church leaders and wealthy people were for the arts and helped sponsor it but other church leaders were against it and tried to censor people even burning people at the stake becuase they beleieved the earth was round, which was considered hereticla at the time.
No, Richard III is Richard III in William Shakespeare's play. He was known as a cruel and vicious man, capable of murdering children just so that he could get the throne. He is the subject of Shakespeare's play of the same name. Richard Topcliffe was a famous torturer, but he is not the subject of this play.
Depending on which country you talk about it's either the Civil law, as in many European countries, where there are pre-written rules or common law where the decisions are made while judging cases - so UK and it's former colonies.
They were very effective if you need reasons comment and I’ll give some
