The mandate system had the effect of creating new borders and new countries that exist to this day in the Middle East. It also set up some future issues for Middle East conflict.
Context/detail:
When World War I erupted, the Ottoman Empire sided with Germany as part of the "Central Powers." In the end, the Central Powers lost and the Turkish empire of the Ottomans ceased to exist as an empire. Turkey remained as a country, but it lost control over other territories that it had held before.
The League of Nations created a system for governing former German and Ottoman territories, called "the mandate system." The mandate system authorized a member nation of the League of Nations to govern a former German or Turkish colonial area after the conclusion of World War I. There were mandate territories for former German territories in Africa and Asia, as well for former Ottoman territories in the Middle East.
The former Turkish provinces of Syria, Iraq and Palestine in the Middle East were divided into a French mandate territory and British mandate territory. The British mandate rule over Palestine, in particular, has much to do with the history of the development of the Arab-Israeli conflict.
Because there was cheaper and faster transportation.
The Soviets were setting up nuclear missiles in Cuba. This meant that they were now able in theory to launch a nuclear missile directly at large parts of the USA and it was therefore viewed as a threat by the USA. I hope that helps.
