<span>Answer:
Amid the twelfth and thirteenth hundreds of years, colleges emerged in the real European urban communities. These colleges took care of the demand for training in the seven human sciences—language structure, talk, rationale, cosmology, geometry, number-crunching, and music—instruction that turned into a critical way to professional success. Colleges gaining practical experience in the higher orders—law at Bologna, pharmaceutical at Salerno, and religious philosophy and theory at Paris—moved toward becoming places for scholarly civil argument. The twelfth century philosophical school known as Scholasticism grew new frameworks of rationale in light of Europeans' rediscovery of Aristotle from Islamic and Jewish sources. Researchers faced off regarding how people can know truth—regardless of whether learning of truth happens through confidence, through human reason and examination, or through some mix of the two means. Albeit none of these researchers denied Christian truth as it was uncovered in the Bible, a few, for example, Anselm of Canterbury, set confidence before reason. Others, for example, Peter Abelard, put reason first. The colossal thirteenth century Dominican savant Thomas Aquinas delivered a splendid union of confidence and reason, while a gathering of rationalists called nominalists addressed whether human dialect could precisely depict reality. These investigation into the idea of information added to logical request, clear in the test hypotheses of English researcher and thinker Roger Bacon (1214?- 1294).
In the mean time, many individuals looked for a more otherworldly, all encompassing knowledge of the world than what was offered through the insightfulness or through standard church customs. Visionaries and reformers made new requests, for example, the Cistercians, Franciscans, and Dominicans. Holy person Francis of Assisi rejected the urban realism of his folks and nearby church. He built up a vagabond, or hobo, way of life for the supporters of his congregation endorsed arrange—Franciscan monks for men and the Poor Clares for ladies. Numerous religious scholars in the 1200s were affected by the before reasoning of Christian Neoplatonism, a union of Plato's standards and Christian magic. Under that impact, they dismissed the Aristotelian concentrate on supporting religion and trusted God's perfect disclosure could best be comprehended through understanding. The Cistercian Bernard of Clairvaux, who passed on in 1153, expected that Abelard's academic rationale would stifle genuine profound comprehension. Afterward, Bonaventure, a Franciscan who lived from 1221 to 1274, built up a magical reasoning managing Christians toward consideration of the perfect domain of God.
Well known religion additionally mirrored this social and religious mature. A great many people in medieval Europe were Christian by submersion during childbirth and took an interest in chapel ceremonies for the duration of their lives. They did retribution for sins, went to Mass, and went on journeys to blessed locales containing relics of holy people. In the urban communities, laypeople started looking for a more extraordinary religious experience to offset the realism of their urban lives. Many were drawn into new religious developments, not which were all affirmed by the congregation. This prompted strife between chapel instructed universal lessons and practices and apostasy, convictions and practices that were denounced as false by the congregation and considered a risk to Christendom. Like the religious requests, sins, for example, the Cathars (otherwise called the Albigensians), the Waldensians, and the Spiritual Franciscans accentuated otherworldly life; be that as it may, they likewise condemned the congregation's realism and tested its power. For example, the Cathars dismissed the body as abhorrent and saw no requirement for clerics. Church pioneers censured them as apostates, while mainstream rulers, keen on stifling neighborhood uprisings against their power, completed a military campaign to crush their fortifications in southern France. The congregation, whose principle and request were debilitated by these gatherings, selected evangelists, for example, the Dominicans to educate rectify regulation and furthermore appointed inquisitors to recognize blasphemers and suggest them for discipline.</span>
Sir John Harrington invented the flushable toilet in 1596, however the idea of a toilet has existed for thousands of years in much more primitive forms.
The three things that helped the Tang Dynasty was:
Silk road, trading colonies and shipbuilind.
The silk road was a trading routes connecting the East and West.
The trading colonies dealt with cotton, rice, tobacco, indigo (dye), lumber, furs, and farm products; that is what most of the people traded back in the tang dynasty. They will trade these things for food, clothing, books, medicine and sometime homes.
The shipbuilding made a huge part because the people would build ships to trade things to different lands. Usually when they trade more things to different lands they'll get more money.
Hope this helped :)
have a great day
It's C. <span>It is the Islamic word for an internal struggle against evil or a physical struggle with non-Muslims.
The word "jihad" comes from the arabic language and it means "to strive or struggle". We apply this word to striving to be a better person or to struggle with our faith and striving to make it stronger. Back in time, during the time of Muhammed (peace be upon him), Jihad meant the same thing, but it also applied to defending their nation from the attacks of the other Arab clans (one of which is known as the Quraysh). Hence "struggling and striving" to defend their nation.
The way some radical "muslim" terrorists use it today is not right at all. That's not what Islam teaches, and those terrorists are not really considered Muslims by other Muslims and Muslim scholars. We disown those people as they are putting our religion in a bad light.
Also, on a side note, please don't always just blindly listen and believe what the media says. Please do research on your own and you will find that how the media portrays Islam is not true. It is actually a very peaceful religion. In the Quran (the holy book of Islam) a comparison is made that says if you were to unjustly kill one person, it is as if you have killed all of humanity (the level of sin you receive for it) and if you save the life a single person it is as if you have saved all of humanity (the level of reward and blessings you get for it).
Thanks for reading this. I'm glad I got to answer this question for you. Good luck and have a beautiful day!</span>
