The capital letter is your dominant allele and the lowercase letter is your recessive allele.
For complete dominance, if you have a homozygous dominant genotype (aka two capital letters) or a heterozygous genotype (aka one capital, one lowercase), the dominant phenotype will show. On the other hand, if you have a homozygous recessive genotype (aka two lowercase letters), the recessive phenotype will show.
For your problems: 1) Yellow, Y, is dominant to blue, y. That means both YY and Yy genotypes will display the dominant phenotype, a yellow body.
If there was a yy genotype, then the recessive phenotype, a blue body, would show.
2) Square, S, is dominant to round, s. That means both the SS and Ss genotypes will display the dominant phenotype, a square shape.
If there was a ss genotype, then the recessive phenotype, a round body, would show.
In order to survive the winter, monarch butterflies "migrate to warmer areas".
<u>Option: B</u>
<u>Explanation:</u>
The survival for Monarch butterflies is not possible in any of the United States 'cold winters, therefore they are needed to migrate south and west every autumn to avoid the cold temperatures.
This species migration usually begins around every year in October, but may begin quicker if the weather turns cold earlier than that.
Thus they spend their winter hibernation all year round in Mexico and some areas of Southern California where the temperature is warmer.
If the monarch stays in the Eastern states, typically east of the Rocky Mountains, then they will migrate to Mexico and hibernate in <em>oyamel fir</em> trees.