The answer would be b. an appeal to fear.
"It is admirable to profess because it was once admirable to live . . . To be a philosopher is . . . to love wisdom as to live according to it's dictates . . . [a life of simplicity, independence, magnanimity, and trust]. "
I think this´ll help idk... if it doesnt then sorry :(
I think the answer is an outline.
Maybe just read the story a few times more and make a guess on what you think is the best answer?
Cnn, Nytimes, fox and of course its not a media site but nasa