Equal genetic contribution of male and female parents is ensured by the meiosis of the germ cells.
<h3>What is meiosis? </h3>
Meiosis is very similar to mitosis. In the process of meiosis, the cell goes through similar stages as mitosis and uses similar strategies for the organization and separation of chromosomes.
During meiosis, the task is a little bit more complex. The sister chromatids still need to separate. Sister chromatids are the two halves of a duplicated chromosome. This happens in mitosis too.
The chromosomes separated must be homologous. These are similar but nonidentical pairs of chromosomes that an organism receives from its two parents.
This goal is achieved in meiosis by a two-step division process.
- In meiosis I, the homologous pairs separate during the first round of cell division.
- In meiosis II, the sister chromatids separate during the second round of cell division.
Here, the cell division happens twice, one starting germ cell produces four gametes. In females, it's eggs, and in males, it's the sperm. In each round of division, cells have to undergo four phases. These are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Therefore, the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents is ensured by the meiosis of the germ cells.
Read more about meiosis, here
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