Question

S the practice of manipulating the genes of offspring through either breeding or genetic alteration.

Answer 1

Answer:

Eugenics

Explanation:

This is the practise whose objective is to improve  the genome, genetic quality   and composition of  individual organisms of human race. The practise involved the, application of principle of selective breeding aided with advanced technology, removal of undesired traits (which are regarded as inferior)and retaining or adding  viable, high vigour  traits  (superior)  to the genome of the organism.

Selective breeding is the choosing or careful selection of parents with desirable  traits or quality  and crossing or  mating them  to produce offspring (hybrid) of  good vigour or  desirable characteristic  

It was first used  in 1883 by Sir Francis Galton, who projected that the dynamism   of  human race for the future can be attained by selectively selecting desirable traits in individuals  at the expense  of undesirable ones.He concluded that aristocrats attained their status  because  of good genetic make up compare to the plebeians.

Critics  of this practice  pointed that;

1.it subjected the organisms to abuse  because the principle or laws  guiding the genetic selection depends  political  power of the group operating at the time.

2 it also violate basic human  right with respect to right to reproduce' as the breeder determine when, who and how to reproduce

3. The practise also lead to loss concept of  variation from poor specie diversity because  the random  mechanisms  leading to variation  has been replaced with selectively controlled human efforts