The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although you forgot to include the options of this question or any further reference, we can comment on the following.
Ancient Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt developed in the same time period but life in each civilization looked very different. Mesopotamia and Egypt developed into vastly different civilizations in that, in the case of Summer-Mesopotamia, the Sumerians developed a form of government that created different city-states that were very powerful and governed by its own rulers. We are talking about city-states such as Nippur, Eridu, Lagash, Ur, Kish, and Uruk, among others.
In the case of ancient Egypt, they were ruled by a powerful Pharaoh, which was the equivalent of an Emperor for the Egyptians. This Pharaoh represented a dynasty and it was believed that he was related to the Gods. The Pharaoh ruled over the entire Egyptian land.
