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zubka84 [21]
3 years ago
8

Who was the skilled secretary of state who helped to negotiate the Treaty of Ghent in 1814, negotiated for the acquisition of Fl

orida from Spain, and negotiated the boundary between the United States and Canada with Britain
History
1 answer:
Inessa [10]3 years ago
3 0

Answer: John Quincy Adams

Explanation:

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A state law requires that a prayer be said each day in public schools. The courts rule that the law violates a First Amendment c
kvv77 [185]

Answer:

Engel v. Vitale

LAW CASE

WRITTEN BY: The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Engel v. Vitale, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on June 25, 1962, that voluntary prayer in public schools violated the U.S. Constitution’s First Amendment prohibition of a state establishment of religion.

New York state’s Board of Regents wrote and authorized a voluntary nondenominational prayer that could be recited by students at the beginning of each school day. In 1958–59 a group of parents that included Steven Engel in Hyde Park, New York, objected to the prayer, which read, “Almighty God, we acknowledge our dependence upon Thee, and we beg Thy blessings upon us, our parents, our teachers, and our country,” and sued the school board president, William Vitale. The prayer, which proponents argued was constitutional because it was voluntary and promoted the free exercise of religion (also protected in the First Amendment), was upheld by New York’s courts, prompting the petitioners to file a successful appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court. Engel et al. were supported by the American Civil Liberties Union, and briefs were filed on their behalf by the American Ethical Union and the American Jewish Committee, while the governments of some 20 states called on the U.S. Supreme Court to uphold the prayer.

Oral arguments took place on April 3, 1962. The Supreme Court’s ruling was released on June 25 and found New York’s law unconstitutional by a margin of 6–1 (two justices did not participate in the decision). Hugo L. Black wrote the Supreme Court’s opinion, in which the majority argued “that, by using its public school system to encourage recitation of the Regents’ prayer, the State of New York has adopted a practice wholly inconsistent with the Establishment Clause.” The lone dissent came from Potter Stewart, who argued that the majority had “misapplied a great constitutional principle” and could not understand “how an ‘official religion’ is established by letting those who want to say a prayer say it. On the contrary, I think to deny the wish of these school children to join in reciting this prayer is to deny them the opportunity of sharing in the spiritual heritage of our Nation.” The decision, the first in which the Supreme Court had ruled unconstitutional public school sponsorship of religion, was unpopular with a broad segment of the American public.

6 0
3 years ago
Which statement best describes what Spanish colonists did when they set up colonies in North America? A. They often married indi
olga_2 [115]

Answer:

D

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
How did the Balfour Declaration contribute to tension between Jews and Arabs?
alukav5142 [94]

Answer:

The good answer is: It supported the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

Explanation:

On November 2, 1917, still during the First World War, the British government made a public statement called the Balfour Declaration, in which it supported the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine that was by then an Ottoman territory. The declaration brought legitimacy and drew international attention to the Zionist movement.

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3 years ago
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How far west did the borders of the byzantine empire expand after Justinian's contest?
S_A_V [24]

Answer:

In about 550, the Byzantine Empire stretched as far west as Spain. It reached as far north as northern Italy. parts of Greece and the Balkans

Explanation:

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3 years ago
Everest <br> mckinley <br> kilimanjaro <br> matterhorn
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The answer is Kilimanjaro.


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