There are several reasons why the role of the federal government in civil rights enforcement changed, but the main one is that southern states were not enforcing federal laws.
Really harsh. They suffered through a lot of hardship and pain throughout the years through many suffereings such as being killed and tortured and died rights.
Both of these leaders had fairly effective strategies when it came to alleviating some of the racial woes during this time. DuBois, however, took a slightly different path in that he emphasized education of blacks as being the most important factor in their advancement.
I believe the it is the second answer. New rights were created to protect individuals.