I don't know the topic, but I can try to put the question into simpler words.
<u>Question</u>
Part A. - Name examples that are more recent of 'maintaining a dread of punishment' that was used to punish people or groups of people (like a civilization or organization).
Part B. - Do you think using these punishments are a helpful strategy in leadership?
<u>Summary</u>
I think it's asking for recent examples of these punishments and your opinion on the effectiveness. I hope this helps you out a little bit. I have ADHD too and I understand that it can be frustrating. Hang in there! :)