On January 1, 2019, East Lansing, Inc., issues $2,000,000 of 10 percent, 5-year bonds that pay interest of $100,000 semiannually
1 answer:
You might be interested in
Answer:
8,000
Explanation:
Initially, the market is at equilibrium E1: P = P1; Q = Q1
Assume that the tax is imposed, the market will move to when Q = Q2; the price buyers pay is greater than P1, the price producers receive is less than P1.
We have: <em>Price buyers pay - Price producers receive = Tax</em>
As the tax decreases the equilibrium quantity by 700 headphoes
=> Q1 - Q2 = 700
=> Q2 = Q1 - 700
=> Q1 + Q2 = Q1 + Q1 - 700 = 2Q1 - 700
Before tax:
+) the producer surplus (PS) is equal to the area formed by supply curve S, price line P1 and the vertical axis
=> PS1 = Area of BE1P1
+) the consumer surplus (CS) is equal to the area formed by demand D, price line P1 and the vertical axis
=> CS1 = Area of AE1P1
=> The wellness before tax = CS1 + PS1 = Area of AE1B
After tax:
+) the producer surplus (PS) is equal to the area formed by supply curve S, price line (Price producers receives) and the vertical axis
=> PS2 = Area of BDE
+) the consumer surplus (CS) is equal to the area formed by demand D, price line (price buyers pay) and the vertical axis
=> CS2 = Area of ACF
+) The Tax revenue = Tax * Q2 = (Price buyers pay - Price producers receive) * Q2 = CD * DE = Area of CFDE
=> The wellness after tax = PS2 + CS2 + Tax Revenue = BDE + ACF + CDEF
=> Deadweight loss = Wellness before Tax - Wellness after tax = Area of EFE1 = 2,800
The tax decreases consumer surplus by $4,000.00, and it decreases producer surplus by $6,800.00
So that:
+) CS1 - CS2 = 4,000
=> Area of AE1P1 - Area of ACF = Area of CFE1P1 = 4,000
+) PS1 - PS2 = 6,800
=> Area of BE1P1 - Area of BDE = 6,800
=> Area of EDP1E1 = 6,800
=> Area of CFE1P1 + Area of EDP1E1 = 4,000 + 6,800
=> Area of CFE1ED = 10,800
Area of CDEF + Area of EFE1 = Area of CFE1ED = 10,800
=> Area of CDEF + 2,800 = 10,800
=> Area of CDEF = 8,000
=> Tax revenue = 8,000
Answer:
A. Set above equilibrium price
Explanation:
A price ceiling is a mandatory maximum price that a seller is allowed to charge. Generally, a government may impose this in order to protect consumers, especially with regards to the purchase of essential goods.
If the price ceiling was set below the equilibrium price (option c) or if the equilibrium price is above the price ceiling (option b), it will immediately cause a shortage (option d) since the quantity demanded would be higher than the quantity supplied when the price falls. This is because people will be willing to purchase more since it is cheaper but suppliers will be willing to produce less due to lower profits. Hence, options b, c and d are eliminated.
Option A is correct because... (please refer attached diagram):
When the price ceiling is above the equilibrium price, suppliers are willing to supply more since they can make higher profits but consumers will reduce purchasing since it is expensive. However, it does not cause any immediate effect because it takes time for suppliers to be able to produce more and cannot be done immediately unless anticipated in advance. In the long run however, quantity demanded will fall from equilibrium quantity to D1 and quantity supplied will rise from equilibrium quantity to S1. Hence, causing a surplus between D1 - S1 in the long run.
